IN-VITRO ANTI TUMOUR AND BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY OF ABRUS PRECATORIUS SEEDS

Abstract

Abrus precatorius seeds are generally called Crab's eye seeds. The research work aims to determine the In-vitro Anticancer and the Brine shrimp lethality assay for the methanolic crude extract CMME and its isolated compounds CMME I, CMME II, and CMME III. The methanolic crude extract was prepared by the maceration method for 7 days. The compounds from the crude extract were isolated by column chromatography using silica gel 60-120 mesh as the adsorbent. The isolated compounds are further purified by Thin Layer Chromatography. The In-vitro anticancer activity of CMME and its isolated compounds are determined against the skin cancer B16F10 cell line by the MTT assay method using 5fluoro uracil as the standard drug. The isolated compound CMME I shows more % inhibition against the skin cancer B16F10 cell line compared to CMME, CMME II, CMME III, and the standard. It has an IC₅₀ value of 40µg/ml. The In- Vitro Antitumor activity was determined for the crude extract CMME and its isolated compounds against the Lung cancer cell line A549 by MTT assay method using 5fluoro uracil as the standard. The crude extract CMME and the isolated compound CMME III showed more % of inhibition against the Lung cancer A549 cell line compared to CMME I, CMME II, and the standard 5fluoro uracil. The crude extract CMME and the isolated compound CMME III have the IC₅₀ value of 17µg/ml and 23µg/ml respectively. A brine shrimp lethality assay was done for the crude extracts and their isolated compounds. The crude extract CMME has more cytotoxicity against the Brine shrimp compared to CMME I, CMME II, and CMME III.  The crude extract CMME has an IC₅₀ value of 106µg/ml.